What is CD4+CD56+ malignancy and how should it be treated?

When is cough functional, and how should it be treated?

KEY POINTS Habit cough is most commonly characterised by a repetitive loud barking cough that persists for prolonged periods.The cough interferes with normal activity and substantially decreases the quality of life.The sine qua non is the total absence of this troublesome cough once asleep.The age distribution ranges from 4 years to late adolescence, with 85% of cases occurring from 8 to 14 yea...

Femoral pseudoaneurysm: How should it be treated?

We read with interest the article by Duszańska et al. [1] entitled ‘Predictors of successful iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm compression dressing repair’ recently published in the journal. The authors suggested that compression dressing repair (CPR) might serve as an alternative method of femoral pseudoaneurysm (FPA) management in patients with low forward and reverse velocities of the flow in pseudo...

Atrial fibrillation: how should it be treated?

istorical Aspect In 1827 Robert Adams was probably the first person to recognize Atrial Fibrillation (AF) clinically as a sign of mitral stenosis. Hope in 1839 identified irregular pulse in association with mitral stenosis. Etienne Marcy in 1863 published a tracing of atrial fibrillation from a patient with mitral stenosis. Arthur Cushney described it in 1899. Initially AF was termed as Deleriu...

Blunt renal artery trauma: how should it be treated, or rather, should it be treated?

Artificial Intelligence: What It Is, and What It Should Be

What Artificial Intelligence (AI) is at the current time is not what it should be. The mainstream works in the field are on domain-specific problems and solutions. Instead, AI should focus on general-purpose systems that are adaptive to its environment, and can work with insufficient knowledge and resources. AI in this sense is unified with Cognitive Science at a general level, with the latter ...